1To Benjamin Franklin from Dumas, 19 April 1779 (Franklin Papers)
On April 12 Spain and France had signed the Convention of Aranjuez, by which Spain agreed to enter the war. Dumas could have known this only from rumor; not only was the agreement secret but news from Spain
2To Benjamin Franklin from Sartine, 27 April 1779 (Franklin Papers)
’s letter of March 22 and Lafayette’s of March 31. In the interim Spain and France had signed the April 12 Convention of Aranjuez regulating Spain’s entry into the war (for which see our annotation of
3To Benjamin Franklin from Jonathan Williams, Sr., 14 October 1779 (Franklin Papers)
A merchant hoping to establish business connections in Spain and France, he traveled to Europe aboard the