George Washington Papers
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General Orders, 5 September 1780

General Orders

Head Quarters Steenrapia Tuesday Septemr 5th 1780

Parole Palmyra Countersigns Palm, Prague.
Watchword Espontoon

[Officers] For the Day Tomorrow[:] Brigadier General Glover[,] Colonel Bradford[,] Lieutenant Colonel Robinson[,] Brigade Major Ross.

The Troop to beat at seven ô clock and the Guards to be on the Grand Parade at eight precisely ’till further orders.

The General Court Martial whereof Colonel Wyllys is President to Assemble tomorrow morning nine ô clock at the Presidents Markee.1

The Honorable the Congress have been pleased to pass the following Resolutions—which have lately come to hand.2

In Congress August 12th 1780

Congress took into Consideration the report of the Committee on the Memorial of the General Officers; whereupon

Resolved That the said General Officers be informed that Congress have at no time been unmindful of the Military Virtues which have distinguished the Army of the United States through the course of this War and that it has been constantly one of the principal objects of their Care not only to provide for the Health and Comfort of the Army but to gratify their reasonable desires as far as the public Exigencies would admit.

That patience and self denial fortitude and perserverance and the cheerful sacrifice of time health and fortune are necessary Virtues which both the Citizen and soldier are called to exercise while struggling for the Libertys of their Country; and that moderation frugality and Temperance must be among the chief supports as well as the brighest ornaments of that kind of civil Government which is Wisely instituted by the several states in this union.

That it has been recommended to the several States to make compensation to the officers and Soldiers to them respectively belonging for the depreciation of their pay and that Congress will take speedy measures for liquidating and paying what is due on that Account to officers and soldiers who do not belong to the quota of any State.

That from and after the first day of August 1780 the Army shall be intitled to receive their pay as stated before the first day of January 1777 in the new bills emitted pursuant to a resolution of Congress of the 18th day of March last.3

That the officers shall hereafter be allowed five dollars per month in the said new bills for each retained ration.

That the Board of War be directed to report to Congress a List of the officers not belonging to the quota of any State with an account of the Balance due to each to make their pay good for past services agreeably to the resolution of the 10th day of April last.4

That such of the states as have not made compensation to their officers and Soldiers agreeably to the recommendation of the 17th of August 1779 be and they are hereby requested to do it as soon as possible.5

That the provision for granting lands by the resolution of the 16th of September 1776 be and is hereby extended to the General officers in the following proportion to vizt:

To a Major General Eleven hundred acres.

To a Brigadier General Eight hundred and fifty acres.6

That the officers of the Army be furnished as soon as possible with two Months Pay on Account to relieve their present wants mentioned in the Memorial.7

Ordered that the remainder of the Report be recommitted.

In Congress August 24th 1780

Resolved That the officers of the Line of the Army commanding Corps, when in Camp be allowed to draw so many of the rations of provisions heretofore withheld as the Commander in Chief or the Commander of a seperate Army shall think necessary but that no Provision be issued for back rations not drawn on the days they became due.

That if it shall appear that the subsistence money allowed to officers in lieu of the rations withheld is not equal to the cost of the rations the deficiency shall hereafter be made up to them.

That the resolution of the 15th of May 1778 granting half pay for seven years to the Officers of the Army who should continue in the service to the End of the War be extended to the Widows of those officers who have died or shall hereafter die in the service to commence from the time of such officers death and Continue for the Term of seven years; or if there be no Widow, or in Case of her Death or intermarriage the said half pay be given to the Orphan Children of the Officer dying as aforesaid if he shall have left any and that it be recommended to the Legislatures of the respective states to which such officers belong to make provision for paying the same on Account of the United States.

That the restricting Clause in the resolution of the 15th of May 1778 Granting half pay to the officers for seven years expressed in these words (vizt) “And not hold any Office of profit under these States or any of them” be and hereby is repealed.8

August 25th. Resolved That the Half pay of General Officers be proportioned to their Pay.

Varick transcript, DLC:GW.

1GW appointed this court-martial in the general orders for 27 August.

2See Samuel Huntington to GW, 28 Aug., and n.1 to that document.

3See JCC description begins Worthington Chauncey Ford et al., eds. Journals of the Continental Congress, 1774-1789. 34 vols. Washington, D.C., 1904–37. description ends , 16:261–67; see also Philip Schuyler to GW, 12 March, and notes 3 and 4 to that document.

5Congress had recommended that officers receive half-pay for life and that provision be made for their widows (see JCC description begins Worthington Chauncey Ford et al., eds. Journals of the Continental Congress, 1774-1789. 34 vols. Washington, D.C., 1904–37. description ends , 14:973–76; see also General Orders, 29 Aug. 1779).

6See JCC description begins Worthington Chauncey Ford et al., eds. Journals of the Continental Congress, 1774-1789. 34 vols. Washington, D.C., 1904–37. description ends , 5:763.

8See JCC description begins Worthington Chauncey Ford et al., eds. Journals of the Continental Congress, 1774-1789. 34 vols. Washington, D.C., 1904–37. description ends , 11:502–3; see also General Orders, 18 May 1778.

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