George Washington Papers
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To George Washington from Timothy Pickering, 28 September 1795

From Timothy Pickering

War-Office Sept. 28. 1795.

Sir,

I have in some measure anticipated your wishes of information relative to General Wayne’s treaty: and now have the pleasure to inclose a copy received yesterday evening, with an extract from his letter of the 9th ulto being all that he says on the subject.1 He has obtained more land than was expected.2 The chiefs who signed the treaty are not numerous: but I observe among them the names of Blue Jacket, the great Warrior of the Shawanees, & of Misqua-coo-na-caw their great Speaker—of Buckongelas the great Warrior of the Delawares—and of Au-goo-sha way the Ottowa whose name I recollect to have heard Colo. Butler mention with much respect when I was in Canada.3 I am not acquainted with the names of important Chiefs of the other tribes. With the greatest respect I am, sir, your obt servt

Timothy Pickering

ALS, DLC:GW; LB, DLC:GW.

1Pickering may have referred to the copy of the Treaty of Greenville that is in DLC:GW. For the official treaty, see DNA: RG 11, Ratified Indian Treaties, 1722–1869 (see also Kappler, Indian Treaties, description begins Charles J. Kappler, ed. Indian Affairs. Laws and Treaties. 5 vols. Washington, D.C., 1903–41. description ends 2:39–45; and ASP description begins Walter Lowrie et al., eds. American State Papers. Documents, Legislative and Executive, of the Congress of the United States. 38 vols. Washington, D.C., Gales and Seaton, 1832–61. description ends , Indian Affairs, 1:562–63). The extract of Gen. Anthony Wayne’s letter of 9 Aug. states: “It is with infinite pleasure I now inform you that a treaty of peace between the United States of America and all the late hostile tribes of Indians North West of the Ohio was unanimously and voluntarily agreed to and cheerfully signed by all the Sachems and War Chiefs of the respective Nations on the 3rd and exchanged on the 7. instant a Copy of which I have now the honor to transmit.

“The original together with the minutes and proceedings of the General Council will be forwarded by a safe conveyance as soon as the proceedings can be engrossed, but this will require time especially as the Council is not yet closed” (DLC:GW; for the proceedings of the talks, see ASP description begins Walter Lowrie et al., eds. American State Papers. Documents, Legislative and Executive, of the Congress of the United States. 38 vols. Washington, D.C., Gales and Seaton, 1832–61. description ends , Indian Affairs, 1:564–83).

2For the territory ceded by the northwest Indians to the United States, see Pickering to GW, 21 Sept. (first letter), and notes 4 and 5. Additional cessions are listed in Article III of the treaty.

3In 1776 Buckongahelas (c.1725–1805) broke with the Delaware chiefs who urged neutrality in the Revolutionary War, and since that time he had led numerous attacks against American settlements and participated in the Indian victories over American forces led by Josiah Harmar and Arthur St. Clair in 1790 and 1791. He was present at the Battle of Fallen Timbers in 1794. In addition to the 1795 Treaty of Greenville, he signed treaties in 1803 and 1804. Misquacoonacaw (Red Pole; d. 1797) was a principal village chief of the Shawnees. His death occurred while he was returning from a meeting in Philadelphia. Augooshaway (Egushwa; Negushwa; c.1730–c.1800) had come to prominence as an Ottawa war chief by 1778. He was particularly active in organizing resistance to the advance of Wayne’s army and was wounded at the Battle of Fallen Timbers. Pickering had been in Canada in 1793 while serving as one of the commissioners appointed to negotiate a treaty with the northwest Indians.

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