Thomas Jefferson Papers
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James Madison to Thomas Jefferson, 1 May 1809

From James Madison

Washington May 1. 1809

Dear Sir

I am just favored with yours of the 27th. Young Gelston is here preparing to take his passage for France as bearer and expositor of dispatches, in the Syren sloop of war which is waiting for him at Baltimore. He leaves this tomorrow morning. Mr Gallatin has had a conversation with Turreau at his residence near Baltimore. He professes to be confident that his Govt will consider England as broken down by the example she has given in repealing her orders, and that the F. Decrees will be repealed as a matter of course. His communications by the Syren will, if he be sincere, press the policy of an immediate repeal. No official accts have been recd from the French letter of Marque arrived at Boston. The difficulty most likely to threaten our relations with France, lies in the effort she may make to render us in some way subservient to the reduction of Span: America; particularly by witholding our commerce. This apprehension is corroborated by the language of Turreau. He alluded to his conversations with you relating to Cuba on which he builds jealousies which he did not conceal. Cuba will without doubt be a cardinal object with Napoleon.

The Spirit which England will bring into the ulterior negociations must differ much from that which influenced former Treaties, if it can be moulded to our just views; and we must be prepared to meet it with a prudent adherence to our essential interests. It is possible however that the school of adversity may have taught her the policy of substituting for her arrogant pretensions, somewhat of a conciliating moderation towards the US. Judging from the tone lately used, a change of that sort1 would be the less wonderful. If she can be brought to a fair estimate of her real interest, it seems very practicable to surmount the obstacles which have hitherto kept us at variance, and untill surmounted must continue to do so. The case of impressments, hitherto the greatest obstacle, seems to admit most easily of adjustment, on grounds mutually advantageous.

Yrs with affectionate respects

James Madison

It is understood that the Election in the State of N. York has issued very favorably.

RC (DLC: Madison Papers); endorsed by TJ as received 5 May 1809 and so recorded in SJL.

Maltby gelston, son of New York customs collector David Gelston, was hired to deliver dispatches to John Armstrong (Robert Smith to Maltby Gelston, 1 May 1809 [DNA: RG 59, DL]). In his conversations with French minister Louis Marie Turreau relating to cuba, TJ was rumored to have said that the United States needed the Floridas and Cuba, a suspicion that was repeated anonymously to Turreau and that he in turn described as American efforts to incite revolt in Mexico, Cuba, and the Floridas (Turreau to Robert Smith, 15 Apr. 1809 [DNA: RG 59, NL]).

1Madison here canceled “may.”

Index Entries

  • Berlin and Milan decrees; revocation of search
  • Cuba; TJ on U.S. acquisition of search
  • Florida; TJ on U.S. acquisition of search
  • France; Berlin and Milan decrees search
  • Gallatin, Albert; conversation with L. M. Turreau search
  • Gelston, Maltby search
  • Jefferson, Thomas; Opinions on; Cuba search
  • Madison, James; letters from search
  • Mexico; and U.S. search
  • New York (state); elections in search
  • Syren (sloop); carries dispatches search
  • Turreau de Garambouville, Louis Marie; negotiations with U.S. search