Anthony Charles Cazenove (1775–1852), merchant, was born into a wealthy family in Geneva, Switzerland. He attended a military school in Colmar, France, and studied in Geneva before moving to London to work in a relative’s countinghouse. Cazenove returned to Geneva in 1794, but he soon escaped the turmoil occasioned by the French Revolution by immigrating to Philadelphia. The next year he formed a partnership with Albert Gallatin and others, founding the town of New Geneva in Fayette County, Pennsylvania, where they built stores, mills, and glassworks. By 1798 Cazenove had established himself in Alexandria as a merchant, in which capacity he supplied wine to James Madison from 1810 until 1821. He was elected a director of the Bank of Alexandria in 1812 and appointed a director of the Washington branch of the Second Bank of the United States in 1820. Cazenove was also named vice consul of the Free and Hanseatic City of Hamburg at Alexandria and the District of Columbia in 1819; consul of Switzerland “for the District of Columbia, the States of Maryland and Virginia, and all the other States situated south of Virginia, of the River Ohio, and of the State of Missouri” in 1823; consul of the Duchy of Mecklenburg-Schwerin at Alexandria in 1824; and consul of the Free Hanseatic City and Republic of Bremen at the District of Columbia in 1829. In 1850 he owned real estate valued at $20,000. Cazenove died in Alexandria (Naturalization Petition, Philadelphia Court of Common Pleas, 25 Nov. 1797 [Philadelphia City Archives]; John Askling, ed., “Autobiographical Sketch of Anthony-Charles Cazenove: Political Refugee, Merchant, and Banker, 1775–1852,” VMHB description begins Virginia Magazine of History and Biography, 1893–  description ends 78 [1970]: 295–307; “Citizen of Ohio,” Mysteries of Washington City [1844], 189–[98]; [Gertrude M. Graves], A New England Family and their French Connections [1930], 58–67; Alexandria Advertiser, 9 Feb. 1798; Madison, Papers, Pres. Ser., 2:368; Alexandria Daily Gazette, Commercial & Political, 22 Jan. 1812; City of Washington Gazette, 22 Nov. 1819, 2 Feb. 1820; Washington Daily National Intelligencer, 28 Oct. 1823, 4 Feb. 1824, 20 Oct. 1852; Baltimore Patriot & Mercantile Advertiser, 5 Jan. 1829; DNA: RG 29, CS, Alexandria, 1850).